PMI CAPM (Certified Associate in Project Management) Examination Content OutlineProject Management Fundamentals and Core ConceptsMedium

A project manager is working on a construction project for a new office building. The project involves various sequential phases, including foundation, framing, plumbing, electrical, and finishing. Changes to one phase directly impact subsequent phases, and rework is costly and time-consuming. Which project life cycle is best suited for this project?

  1. AAdaptive (Agile)
  2. BPredictive (Waterfall)
  3. CHybrid
  4. DIterative
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. Predictive (Waterfall)

Construction projects are typically best managed with a Predictive (Waterfall) life cycle. The sequential nature of phases, the high cost of rework, and the clear definition of the final product from the outset make a plan-driven approach most suitable, where detailed planning occurs upfront and execution follows.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Adaptive life cycles are for high uncertainty and frequent changes, which is generally not the case for traditional construction.
  • C. While some construction might use hybrid elements, the core nature described strongly favors a purely predictive approach.
  • D. Iterative life cycles involve repeated cycles and evolving requirements, which is unsuitable for the sequential, fixed-scope nature of construction.

Predictive Life Cycle Suitability

The Predictive (Waterfall) life cycle is best suited for projects where requirements are stable, the final product is well-understood, and the cost of change is high.

  • Common in construction, manufacturing, and highly regulated industries.
  • Emphasizes upfront planning and sequential phases.
  • Minimizes changes during execution due to high cost of rework.

Memory trick: Construction is 'C'arefully 'C'hronological, like a 'C'ardinal rule.

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