Free study resources

CompTIA exam objectives (all certifications)

Download the official objectives PDF for any CompTIA exam — the exact list of what can be tested.

CompTIA

Professor Messer free training videos

Complete free video courses for A+, Network+ and Security+.

Professor Messer

AWS Skill Builder (free digital courses)

Free official Cloud Practitioner Essentials course and practice questions.

Amazon Web Services

Computer Networking: Principles, Protocols and Practice

Free open-source networking textbook: layers, TCP/IP, routing, switching and security.

O. Bonaventure (open textbook)

The Linux Command Line

Complete free book on the Linux shell, files, permissions, processes and scripting.

William Shotts

NIST SP 800-12: An Introduction to Information Security

Free government primer on security controls, risk management and policy.

NIST

Introduction to Computer Science (OpenStax)

Free college textbook: hardware, operating systems, networks, cloud, data and security.

OpenStax

AWS Well-Architected Framework

The six pillars AWS exams test — operational excellence, security, reliability, performance, cost and sustainability.

Amazon Web Services

AWS Certified AI Practitioner exam guide

Official domains, task statements and sample questions for AIF-C01.

Amazon Web Services

Amazon Bedrock User Guide

Foundation models, prompt engineering, RAG and guardrails — core AIF-C01 topics.

Amazon Web Services

Amazon SageMaker AI Developer Guide

The ML lifecycle on AWS: data prep, training, deployment and monitoring.

Amazon Web Services

Machine Learning Crash Course

Free ML fundamentals: regression, classification, metrics, overfitting and LLM basics.

Google

AWS Certified Security – Specialty exam guide

Official SCS-C02 domains: detection, incident response, IAM, data protection.

Amazon Web Services

AWS Well-Architected Security Pillar

The security design principles and best practices the exam is built on.

Amazon Web Services

AWS IAM User Guide

Policies, roles, permission boundaries, SCPs and policy evaluation logic.

Amazon Web Services

AWS Certified Advanced Networking – Specialty exam guide

Official ANS-C01 domains and sample questions.

Amazon Web Services

Amazon VPC User Guide

Subnets, routing, endpoints, peering, flow logs and security groups.

Amazon Web Services

AWS Transit Gateway & Direct Connect guides

Hybrid connectivity, BGP routing and multi-VPC architectures.

Amazon Web Services

AWS Certified DevOps Engineer – Professional exam guide

Official DOP-C02 domains: SDLC automation, IaC, resilience, monitoring, security.

Amazon Web Services

AWS CloudFormation User Guide

Templates, stacks, StackSets, change sets and drift detection.

Amazon Web Services

AWS CodePipeline User Guide

CI/CD pipelines with CodeBuild, CodeDeploy and deployment strategies.

Amazon Web Services

Microsoft Learn — free certification learning paths

Official free learning paths, study guides and practice assessments for every Microsoft exam.

Microsoft

Microsoft Cybersecurity Reference Architectures

Zero Trust, MCSB and the reference architectures SC-100 scenarios use.

Microsoft

Microsoft Entra ID documentation

Users, groups, Conditional Access, PIM, MFA and identity governance.

Microsoft

Microsoft Intune documentation

Device enrollment, Autopilot, compliance, configuration profiles and app deployment.

Microsoft

Professional Cloud Security Engineer exam guide

Official exam guide and sample questions.

Google Cloud

Google Cloud security foundations & IAM docs

IAM, VPC Service Controls, KMS, Security Command Center and org policies.

Google Cloud

Cisco 350-701 SCOR exam topics

Official blueprint: security concepts, network, cloud, content, endpoint and access.

Cisco

NIST Cybersecurity Framework 2.0

Govern, Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, Recover — the language of security programs.

NIST

ISC2 exam outlines

Official domain outlines and weights for CC, CISSP, CCSP and more.

ISC2

NIST SP 800-12: Introduction to Information Security

Free primer on security principles, controls and risk.

NIST

ISC2 Certified in Cybersecurity — free training

ISC2 offers the official CC online self-paced training free of charge.

ISC2

CSA Security Guidance for Critical Areas of Cloud Computing

Free guidance covering cloud architecture, data security and governance — closely aligned with CCSP.

Cloud Security Alliance

NIST SP 800-145: Definition of Cloud Computing

The official service and deployment model definitions used on the exam.

NIST

The Scrum Guide (2020)

The official definition of Scrum — PSM I questions are written directly from it.

Schwaber & Sutherland

Scrum.org Open Assessments

Free official practice assessments (Scrum Open, PO Open).

Scrum.org

FAA Handbooks & Manuals (PHAK, AFH, IFH)

Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, Airplane Flying Handbook, Instrument Flying Handbook — all free PDFs.

Federal Aviation Administration

Airman Certification Standards (ACS)

The standards every knowledge test and checkride is built from.

Federal Aviation Administration

FAA Airman Knowledge Testing

Test guides, supplements (figures used on the test) and sample questions.

Federal Aviation Administration

Remote Pilot sUAS Study Guide (FAA-G-8082-22) — PDF, hosted here

The official FAA study guide for the Part 107 knowledge test, downloaded and hosted on Step2Study (U.S. government work, public domain).

FAA (public domain)

Remote Pilot Airman Certification Standards (FAA-S-ACS-10) — PDF, hosted here

Every knowledge area and risk element the Part 107 test can cover. U.S. government work, public domain.

FAA (public domain)

Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge (FAA-H-8083-25)

The core pilot textbook: aerodynamics, systems, instruments, weather, performance, navigation and aeromedical factors.

FAA

Airplane Flying Handbook (FAA-H-8083-3)

Flight maneuvers, takeoffs, landings and emergency procedures step by step.

FAA

Instrument Procedures Handbook (FAA-H-8083-16)

Departures, en route, arrivals and approaches under IFR.

FAA

Helicopter Flying Handbook (FAA-H-8083-21)

Rotorcraft aerodynamics, systems, performance and maneuvers.

FAA

Aviation Instructor's Handbook (FAA-H-8083-9)

Learning theory, teaching methods, assessment and instructor responsibilities — the FOI source book.

FAA

Risk Management Handbook

Aeronautical decision-making, PAVE, IMSAFE and single-pilot resource management.

FAA

Aviation Maintenance Technician Handbook — General (FAA-H-8083-30)

Math, physics, electricity, drawings, weight & balance, materials and regulations for A&P students (PDF).

FAA

Aviation Maintenance Technician Handbook — Airframe (FAA-H-8083-31B)

Structures, hydraulics, landing gear, fuel, electrical and inspection (PDF).

FAA

Aviation Maintenance Technician Handbook — Powerplant (FAA-H-8083-32)

Reciprocating and turbine engines, ignition, fuel, lubrication and propellers (PDF).

FAA

Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM)

Official ATC procedures, airspace, weather services and flight safety guidance.

FAA

14 CFR — Federal Aviation Regulations (eCFR)

Parts 1, 43, 61, 91, 107, 117, 121 and more — always the current text.

U.S. Government

FAA Part 107 commercial drone operators

How to become a certificated remote pilot, study materials and rules.

FAA

Aviation Weather Center

Read real METARs, TAFs, AIRMETs and prog charts to practice weather interpretation.

NOAA / NWS

Aviation Weather Handbook (FAA-H-8083-28)

Free official weather theory and products handbook for pilots.

FAA

LSAC — official LSAT information & LawHub

Official LSAT format, registration and free official practice tests on LawHub.

LSAC

NCBE — MBE & MPRE subject outlines

Official subject matter outlines and sample questions for the MBE and MPRE.

National Conference of Bar Examiners

ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct

The rules the MPRE is based on — read them alongside practice questions.

American Bar Association

Business Law I Essentials (OpenStax)

Free textbook on contracts, torts, agency and the court system.

OpenStax

Cornell Legal Information Institute (LII)

Free U.S. Code, Constitution, Federal Rules of Evidence and Civil Procedure.

Cornell Law School

LSAC LawHub — free official LSAT PrepTests

Free official full-length PrepTests in the real test interface.

LSAC

Khan Academy — official LSAT prep

Free LSAC-partnered lessons for logical and analytical reasoning.

Khan Academy

NCLEX test plans

Official NCLEX-RN test plan and candidate information.

NCSBN

Anatomy and Physiology 2e (OpenStax)

Free complete A&P textbook — the foundation for nursing and allied-health exams.

OpenStax

Fundamentals of Nursing (OpenStax)

Free nursing fundamentals: safety, assessment, care planning and clinical judgment.

OpenStax

Pharmacology for Nurses (OpenStax)

Free drug classes, dosage safety and nursing implications.

OpenStax

AANPCB FNP candidate handbook & blueprint

Official test blueprint and domains for the FNP exam.

AANPCB

USPSTF screening recommendations

Free official screening guidelines — heavily tested on FNP boards.

USPSTF

CDC immunization schedules

Child, adolescent and adult vaccine schedules.

CDC

NHA test plans (CCMA, CPT)

Official detailed test plans and domain weights.

NHA

Anatomy and Physiology 2e (OpenStax)

Free A&P foundations for medical assistants and phlebotomists.

OpenStax

WHO Guidelines on Drawing Blood

Free official best practices in phlebotomy: order of draw, safety and technique.

World Health Organization

PTCB PTCE content outline

Official PTCE knowledge domains and weights.

PTCB

Pharmacology (OpenStax)

Free drug classes, brand/generic names and safety.

OpenStax

DEA Pharmacist’s Manual & controlled substance schedules

Official rules for controlled substances, DEA forms and schedules.

U.S. DEA

ISMP high-alert & look-alike/sound-alike lists

Free medication-safety lists used in PTCE safety questions.

ISMP

FINRA qualification exam content outlines

Official content outlines for the SIE, Series 7 and Series 63.

FINRA

CFA Program curriculum overview

Topic weights, learning outcomes and official practice resources.

CFA Institute

Principles of Finance (OpenStax)

Free textbook: time value of money, bonds, stocks, risk and return, markets.

OpenStax

Principles of Accounting, Vol. 1 (OpenStax)

Free financial accounting textbook for finance and accounting exams.

OpenStax

Investor.gov — SEC investing basics

Free official explanations of securities, funds, risk and investor protection.

U.S. SEC

FINRA / NASAA exam content outlines

Official content outlines for SIE, Series 7, 63, 65 and 66.

FINRA

Investor.gov — SEC investing basics

Free official explanations of stocks, bonds, funds, options and risk.

U.S. SEC

NASAA Series 66 exam information

Official Series 66 outline and the Uniform Securities Act references.

NASAA

AICPA Uniform CPA Exam Blueprints

Official REG blueprint: ethics, business law and federal taxation.

AICPA

IRS Publication 17 — Your Federal Income Tax

Free official guide to individual taxation — core REG content.

IRS

Business Law I Essentials (OpenStax)

Contracts, agency, business structures and more.

OpenStax

CSLB examination study guides

Official study guides and reference lists for the Law & Business and trade exams.

Contractors State License Board

OSHA Construction Industry Digest

Free OSHA construction safety publications: fall protection, scaffolds, excavation, electrical.

OSHA

CSLB C-36 Plumbing study guide

Official exam study guide and reference list for the C-36 trade exam.

CSLB

California Plumbing Code (IAPMO) — free read-only

Free online access to the UPC-based California Plumbing Code.

IAPMO

California DRE exam information

Exam content outline, eligibility and the free Reference Book.

California Department of Real Estate

California DRE Real Estate Reference Book

Free official book covering licensing, agency, contracts, finance and property law.

California DRE

HUD Fair Housing Act overview

The federal fair-housing rules tested on every real estate exam.

U.S. HUD

Florida Real Estate Commission (FREC)

Chapter 475 F.S., FREC rules and sales associate exam information.

Florida DBPR

HUD Fair Housing Act overview

Federal fair-housing rules tested on every sales exam.

U.S. HUD