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A student is drafting an essay about the causes of the American Civil War. They want to ensure that all verbs consistently reflect past actions. They have written the following sentences: 'Tensions *grew* between the North and South. Economic differences *divide* the nation. Eventually, the conflict *erupts*.' Which revision corrects the verb tense inconsistency?

  1. ATensions *grow* between the North and South. Economic differences *divide* the nation. Eventually, the conflict *erupted*.
  2. BTensions *grew* between the North and South. Economic differences *divided* the nation. Eventually, the conflict *erupted*.
  3. CTensions *grew* between the North and South. Economic differences *divided* the nation. Eventually, the conflict *erupts*.
  4. DTensions *grow* between the North and South. Economic differences *divide* the nation. Eventually, the conflict *erupts*.
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. Tensions *grew* between the North and South. Economic differences *divided* the nation. Eventually, the conflict *erupted*.

Verb tense consistency requires that all verbs in a narrative or descriptive passage maintain the same tense unless there is a specific reason to shift. The first verb 'grew' is in the past tense. To maintain consistency, 'divide' and 'erupts' must also be changed to their past tense forms: 'divided' and 'erupted'.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. This option mixes present tense ('grow,' 'divide') with past tense ('erupted'), creating inconsistency.
  • C. This option introduces a new inconsistency by mixing past tense ('grew,' 'divided') with present tense ('erupts').
  • D. All verbs are in the present tense, which would be consistent but changes the original meaning of 'grew' being a past action.

Verb Tense Consistency

The principle that verb tenses should remain the same throughout a passage, paragraph, or sentence unless there is a logical reason to shift tenses (e.g., indicating a different time frame).

  • Maintains chronological clarity.
  • Avoids confusing the reader.
  • Shifts only for specific time changes.

Memory trick: Keep your verb tenses consistent, like marching soldiers all in step, unless time itself changes formation.

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