CFA Level IFinancial Statement AnalysisMedium

A company has beginning inventory of $100,000 and purchases $500,000 worth of inventory during the year. Its ending inventory is $120,000. What is the company's Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) for the year?

  1. A$580,000
  2. B$480,000
  3. C$520,000
  4. D$500,000
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. $480,000

The Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) is calculated using the inventory equation: Beginning Inventory + Purchases - Ending Inventory. So, $100,000 + $500,000 - $120,000 = $480,000.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. This incorrectly subtracts beginning inventory from purchases.
  • C. This incorrectly adds ending inventory instead of subtracting it.
  • D. This equals purchases, ignoring changes in inventory.

Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) Calculation

COGS represents the direct costs attributable to the production of the goods sold by a company during a period, calculated using the inventory equation.

  • Key component of the income statement.
  • Directly affects gross profit and net income.
  • Formula: Beginning Inventory + Purchases - Ending Inventory.

Memory trick: Start with what you HAD, add what you BOUGHT, subtract what's LEFT, to find what you SOLD.

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