CFA Level IFinancial Statement AnalysisMedium

A company using LIFO reports cost of goods sold of $2,000,000. The LIFO reserve was $60,000 at the beginning of the year and $80,000 at the end of the year. What would COGS have been if the company had used FIFO?

  1. A$1,980,000
  2. B$2,080,000
  3. C$2,020,000
  4. D$1,920,000
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. $1,980,000

FIFO COGS = LIFO COGS − increase in LIFO reserve. The LIFO reserve increased by $20,000 (80,000 − 60,000). FIFO COGS = 2,000,000 − 20,000 = $1,980,000.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. Incorrect — adds the ending reserve balance instead of the change.
  • C. Incorrect — adds the change instead of subtracting it.
  • D. Incorrect — subtracts too much; uses the ending reserve instead of the change.

LIFO Reserve Adjustment

The LIFO reserve is the difference between LIFO and FIFO inventory values; its change is used to convert LIFO COGS to an equivalent FIFO basis.

  • FIFO Inventory = LIFO Inventory + LIFO Reserve
  • FIFO COGS = LIFO COGS − Increase in LIFO Reserve
  • Used to compare firms using different inventory methods

Memory trick: Reserve grows, COGS shrinks when converting to FIFO

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