OSHA 10-Hour Construction ReviewStairways and LaddersMedium

A worker is using a portable ladder that is placed against a wall. To ensure proper stability, what is the recommended angle for placing the ladder, often referred to as the 4 to 1 rule?

  1. AThe base of the ladder should be 1 foot away from the wall for every 6 feet of working length.
  2. BThe base of the ladder should be 1 foot away from the wall for every 3 feet of working length.
  3. CThe base of the ladder should be 1 foot away from the wall for every 5 feet of working length.
  4. DThe base of the ladder should be 1 foot away from the wall for every 4 feet of working length.
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D. The base of the ladder should be 1 foot away from the wall for every 4 feet of working length.

The 4 to 1 rule states that for every 4 feet of vertical height the ladder reaches, its base should be 1 foot away from the wall. This creates an approximate 75-degree angle, which is considered the safest and most stable angle for a portable ladder.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. This ratio would result in a ladder angle that is far too shallow and highly unstable.
  • B. This ratio would result in a ladder angle that is too steep and less stable.
  • C. This ratio would result in a ladder angle that is too shallow and prone to sliding out.

4 to 1 Ladder Rule

For every 4 feet of vertical height a ladder reaches, its base should be 1 foot away from the supporting surface.

  • Establishes a safe 75-degree angle.
  • Prevents tipping backward or sliding out.
  • Crucial for portable ladder stability.

Memory trick: Four up, one out, no doubt!

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