OSHA 10-Hour Construction ReviewStairways and LaddersEasy

A worker is using a portable ladder that is placed against a wall. To ensure proper stability and prevent slipping, what is the correct horizontal-to-vertical ratio for setting up a portable ladder?

  1. A1:4 (1 foot out for every 4 feet up)
  2. B1:5 (1 foot out for every 5 feet up)
  3. C1:3 (1 foot out for every 3 feet up)
  4. D1:2 (1 foot out for every 2 feet up)
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. 1:4 (1 foot out for every 4 feet up)

OSHA mandates the 4 to 1 rule for portable ladders: for every 4 feet of vertical height the ladder reaches, its base should be placed 1 foot horizontally away from the wall or upper support. This ratio provides optimal stability.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. This ratio places the ladder too far out, making it unstable and increasing the risk of the ladder tipping backward.
  • C. While better than 1:2, this is still steeper than recommended for optimal stability.
  • D. This ratio is too steep and increases the risk of the ladder sliding out.

4 to 1 Ladder Rule

For every 4 feet of vertical height a portable ladder reaches, its base should be 1 foot horizontally away from the supporting structure.

  • Applies to portable ladders.
  • Ensures optimal stability.
  • Prevents slipping or tipping.

Memory trick: Four up, one out, no doubt!

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