GED Reasoning Through Language ArtsLanguage Conventions and UsageEasy
A student is writing an argumentative essay about the benefits of renewable energy. Which sentence correctly uses a comma?
- ASolar power, a clean and abundant resource is becoming more accessible.
- BThe initial cost of renewable energy projects is high, however, the long-term benefits outweigh it.
- CTo reduce carbon emissions, many countries are investing in wind farms.
- DWind energy is efficient, and it does not produce greenhouse gases.
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: C. To reduce carbon emissions, many countries are investing in wind farms.
A comma is correctly used after an introductory phrase or clause. Option B places a comma after the introductory infinitive phrase 'To reduce carbon emissions'.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Missing a comma after 'resource' to set off the appositive phrase 'a clean and abundant resource'.
- B. Incorrectly uses a comma before 'however' when joining two independent clauses; a semicolon is required before 'however' in this context.
- D. Correctly uses a comma before a coordinating conjunction joining two independent clauses, but this usage is not unique to the question.
Comma After Introductory Elements
A comma is used to separate an introductory word, phrase, or clause from the main part of the sentence. This helps improve clarity and readability.
- Applies to introductory words (e.g., 'Yes,' 'Finally,' 'However,'), phrases (e.g., 'In the morning,' 'To begin,'), and clauses (e.g., 'While he waited,').
- The comma signals a pause.
- Omitting the comma can cause confusion or misreading.
Memory trick: Pauses in thought, lists in order, separate the introduction.