California Cosmetology Written ExamSkin CareEasy
Which layer of the epidermis consists entirely of dead, flattened, keratinized cells that are continuously shed from the skin's surface?
- AStratum granulosum
- BStratum corneum
- CStratum germinativum
- DStratum lucidum
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: B. Stratum corneum
The stratum corneum (horny layer) is the outermost layer of the epidermis and is made of dead keratinized cells that flake off through desquamation. The stratum germinativum is the deepest, living layer where new cells are produced.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. This layer contains keratohyalin granules but is not the outermost shedding layer.
- C. This is the deepest, living, actively dividing layer, not the outer dead layer.
- D. Found only in thick skin (palms/soles) and is clear, not the outer shedding layer.
Stratum Corneum
The outermost layer of the epidermis composed of dead, keratinized cells that protect the skin and are continuously shed and replaced.
- Also called the horny layer
- Made of keratin protein for waterproofing
- Shed through natural desquamation
Memory trick: 'Grandma Gives Loving Care' = Germinativum, Granulosum, Lucidum, Corneum (plus Spinosum)