An airline's Part 121 training program is developing a type rating course for the Airbus A320 using a Level D full flight simulator. Under 14 CFR 61.31 and applicable training program provisions, which statement is correct regarding completion of the type rating practical test?
- ASimulators may only be used for the oral portion of the practical test, not maneuvers
- BA type rating cannot be added through a simulator-based practical test under any circumstances
- CThe entire practical test, including takeoffs and landings, may be conducted in an FAA-approved Level C or D full flight simulator as part of an approved training program
- DThe practical test must always include at least one takeoff and landing in the actual aircraft
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: C. The entire practical test, including takeoffs and landings, may be conducted in an FAA-approved Level C or D full flight simulator as part of an approved training program
Under FAA-approved Part 121/142 training programs, a candidate may complete the entire type rating practical test, including takeoffs and landings, in a qualified Level C or D full flight simulator without ever flying the actual aircraft, provided the simulator is approved to the appropriate level for that maneuver credit.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Simulators are approved for full maneuver credit, not just oral portions.
- B. Simulator-only type ratings are explicitly permitted under approved training programs, contrary to this statement.
- D. This is a common misconception; approved Level C/D simulators can substitute for the aircraft entirely.
Simulator-Based Type Rating
FAA-approved Level C/D full flight simulators may be used to complete an entire type rating practical test, including takeoffs and landings, without flying the actual aircraft, under approved Part 121/142 training programs.
- Requires Level C or D FFS qualification
- Zero-flight-time (ZFT) training programs permitted
- Applies within FAA-approved training curricula, not casual training
Memory trick: Level D can do it all — no runway needed, just the simulator hall.