CSLB C-39 Roofing ContractorEstimating and PlanningMedium

A gable roof with two valleys has a total roof surface area of 2,600 square feet. To account for additional cutting and waste caused by the valleys, the estimator adds a 15% waste factor. How many roofing squares should be ordered, rounded up to the nearest whole square?

  1. A28 squares
  2. B29 squares
  3. C26 squares
  4. D30 squares
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D. 30 squares

Apply the 15% waste factor: 2,600 × 1.15 = 2,990 square feet. Convert to squares: 2,990 ÷ 100 = 29.9, which rounds up to 30 squares since partial squares cannot be ordered.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Reflects only about a 7–8% waste allowance, too low.
  • B. This is the unrounded 29.9 truncated instead of rounded up.
  • C. This is the base area without any waste factor applied.

Valley Waste Factor

Valleys require extra shingle cutting, so estimators add a waste percentage (commonly 10-15%) to the base roof area.

  • Multiply base area by (1 + waste %).
  • Always round up partial squares.
  • More valleys or complexity may increase the waste percentage.

Memory trick: Valleys cut into shingles, so pad the order upward.

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