NCLEX-RNSafety and Infection Prevention and ControlMedium

A nurse is caring for a client with a new peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line. Which action is most important for the nurse to take to prevent a central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI)?

  1. AEnsure the client's arm is elevated during dressing changes.
  2. BPerform meticulous hand hygiene before accessing the line.
  3. CEducate the client on symptoms of infection.
  4. DChange the dressing every 7 days or when soiled.
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. Perform meticulous hand hygiene before accessing the line.

Meticulous hand hygiene is the single most effective measure to prevent healthcare-associated infections, including CLABSIs. It significantly reduces the transfer of microorganisms from the nurse's hands to the catheter site.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Elevating the arm during a dressing change may improve client comfort or access but does not directly prevent infection.
  • C. Educating the client is important for self-care and early detection but does not directly prevent the initial infection from occurring during line access.
  • D. While dressing changes are crucial, the frequency and 'when soiled' aspect are part of standard care; hand hygiene is a more fundamental and constant preventative measure.

CLABSI Prevention

Strategies employed to reduce the incidence of central line-associated bloodstream infections, which are serious and preventable hospital-acquired infections.

  • Hand hygiene is paramount for all central line care.
  • Sterile technique during insertion and dressing changes is critical.
  • Daily review of line necessity to remove unnecessary catheters.

Memory trick: Clean Hands, Clean Lines, Keep Infections Down.

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