NREMT Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Cognitive ExamEMS OperationsMedium
An EMT is called to a residence for a patient complaining of generalized weakness. The patient is alert, oriented, and refuses transport despite the EMT's recommendation. The EMT has explained the potential risks of refusal. What is the MOST important action for the EMT to take NEXT?
- AAdminister basic supportive care on scene and then depart.
- BHave the patient sign an AMA (Against Medical Advice) form.
- CContact law enforcement to compel transport.
- DLeave the scene, as the patient has refused care.
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: B. Have the patient sign an AMA (Against Medical Advice) form.
When a competent adult refuses care or transport, and the EMT has explained the risks, obtaining a signed AMA form is crucial for legal protection and documentation. It confirms the patient's informed refusal.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Administering care after a clear refusal would be battery unless the patient changes their mind and consents.
- C. Law enforcement's role is typically to ensure scene safety and enforce laws, not to force medical treatment on a competent adult.
- D. Leaving without proper documentation (AMA form) can lead to allegations of abandonment.
Refusal of Care (AMA)
A competent adult patient's right to refuse medical care or transport, even if it is against medical advice, after being fully informed of the risks.
- Patient must be legally competent to refuse.
- EMT must explain risks, benefits, and alternatives.
- Documentation (AMA form) is critical for legal protection.
- Attempt to have a witness present and sign the form.
Memory trick: Refusal means Explain, Document, Witness, Consult.