NIC Cosmetology Written (Theory) ExamScientific ConceptsMedium
A cosmetologist is explaining the importance of proper cleaning and disinfection protocols to a new employee. They emphasize that any tool that comes into contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials must be cleaned and then sterilized. Which level of decontamination destroys all microbial life, including spores?
- ADisinfection
- BSterilization
- CAntisepsis
- DSanitization
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: B. Sterilization
Sterilization is the highest level of decontamination, destroying all microbial life, including bacterial spores, which are the most resistant forms of life. It is required for tools that penetrate the skin or come into contact with blood.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Disinfection destroys most harmful microorganisms but does not kill bacterial spores.
- C. Antisepsis involves reducing microorganisms on living tissue, not on tools, and does not achieve sterilization.
- D. Sanitization is the lowest level, reducing pathogens to a safe level, but not eliminating all of them.
Sterilization
A process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores, on a surface or in a substance.
- Highest level of decontamination.
- Required for invasive tools or those contacting blood/bodily fluids.
- Methods include autoclaving (steam), dry heat, chemical vapor.
Memory trick: Sanitize, Disinfect, Sterilize: 'SDS' for 'Safety, Destruction, Supreme'.