LSAT (Law School Admission Test)Reading ComprehensionEasy
Passage: "The recent discovery of several new exoplanets orbiting distant stars has reignited the debate among astrophysicists regarding the prevalence of life in the universe. While some argue that the sheer number of planets suggests a high probability of extraterrestrial life, others contend that the specific conditions required for life to emerge and sustain itself are exceedingly rare. One school of thought, the 'Rare Earth' hypothesis, posits that a unique combination of geological, astronomical, and biological events made Earth an exceptionally suitable cradle for complex life. Detractors, however, point to the vastness of the cosmos and the potential for diverse biochemistries as evidence that life could arise under a much broader set of circumstances than previously imagined. The search for biosignatures, chemical indicators of life, on these newly found worlds is now a primary focus of astrobiological research, promising to shed further light on this enduring mystery." Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of the passage?
- ATo describe the methods used to discover new exoplanets.
- BTo present conflicting viewpoints on the likelihood of extraterrestrial life.
- CTo advocate for increased funding for astrobiological research.
- DTo explain the 'Rare Earth' hypothesis in detail.
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: B. To present conflicting viewpoints on the likelihood of extraterrestrial life.
The passage primarily discusses two opposing views on the prevalence of life in the universe, presenting arguments for both sides without endorsing one over the other. It introduces the debate, outlines the 'Rare Earth' hypothesis and its counterarguments, and mentions current research.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. The passage mentions the discovery of exoplanets but does not elaborate on the methods used for their discovery.
- C. While research is mentioned, advocating for funding is not the main purpose; it's a detail about the ongoing work.
- D. The 'Rare Earth' hypothesis is mentioned as one viewpoint within the larger debate, but it is not the sole focus or the primary purpose to explain it in detail.
Primary Purpose
The main goal or objective of the author in writing the passage, often expressed as an action verb followed by the subject of the passage.
- Identifies the author's overall intent.
- Must encompass the entire passage, not just a part.
- Often involves analyzing the main idea and the way it's presented.
Memory trick: A compass points to the passage's main quest.