LSAT (Law School Admission Test)Reading ComprehensionMedium

Passage: "The 'free will defense' in philosophy attempts to reconcile the existence of evil in the world with the concept of an omnipotent, omniscient, and benevolent God. Proponents argue that a world with free moral agents, even if they sometimes choose evil, is inherently more valuable than a world populated by automatons incapable of moral choice. Therefore, God allows evil as a necessary byproduct of granting humanity genuine free will. Critics, however, contend that this defense fails to account for natural evils (like earthquakes or diseases) that are not products of human choice. Furthermore, they question whether an omnipotent God could not have created beings with free will who always choose good, or at least a world where the consequences of evil choices are less severe. The debate thus hinges on the nature of 'goodness' itself and the limits of divine power and benevolence." The author's primary purpose in this passage is to:

  1. AArgue against the validity of the free will defense.
  2. BDemonstrate that evil is incompatible with an omnipotent God.
  3. CPresent a balanced overview of the free will defense and its criticisms.
  4. DPropose an alternative solution to the problem of evil.
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C. Present a balanced overview of the free will defense and its criticisms.

The passage presents both the argument for the free will defense ('Proponents argue...') and its counterarguments ('Critics, however, contend...'). This balanced presentation indicates the author's purpose is to provide an overview, not to take a side.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. The author presents both sides without endorsing one.
  • B. The author describes the debate, not an argument for incompatibility.
  • D. The author explains existing arguments, not a new solution.

Primary Purpose

The main reason an author wrote a passage, often encompassing the central idea and the author's approach to it.

  • Look for the overall message or goal.
  • Consider how the author presents information (e.g., explains, argues, analyzes).
  • Distinguish between a specific detail and the overarching purpose.

Memory trick: What's the Author's Grand Design?

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