California Cosmetology Written ExamNail CareEasy
Which part of the nail unit produces new nail cells and, if injured, can cause permanent nail deformity?
- AMatrix
- BEponychium
- CNail bed
- DFree edge
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: A. Matrix
The matrix is the actively growing tissue at the base of the nail root that produces new nail plate cells; damage to it can permanently alter the shape or growth of the nail.
Why the other options are wrong
- B. The eponychium is living skin at the base of the nail that seals against pathogens.
- C. The nail bed supports and supplies blood to the nail plate but does not generate new cells.
- D. The free edge is the dead, colorless part extending past the fingertip.
Nail Matrix
The matrix is the living tissue under the base of the nail root that produces new nail plate cells, determining the nail's shape and thickness.
- Located under the proximal nail fold
- Injury can cause permanent nail deformity
- Should never be filed or cut during service
Memory trick: Matrix = 'maker' of the nail