FAA Sport Pilot Airplane (SPA)Human Factors and ADMEasy

A pilot feels pressured to complete a cross-country flight because friends are waiting at the destination for a scheduled event. Which element of the PAVE checklist addresses this type of risk?

  1. AExternal Pressures
  2. BPilot
  3. CenVironment
  4. DAircraft
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. External Pressures

External pressures, the 'E' in PAVE, include social or schedule-driven pressures such as passengers waiting, which can push a pilot toward risky decisions.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. Pilot refers to the pilot's own fitness and experience, not outside pressure.
  • C. enVironment covers weather, terrain, and airport conditions.
  • D. Aircraft covers mechanical condition and performance, not scheduling stress.

PAVE Checklist

A risk-management framework dividing flight risks into four categories: Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, and External pressures.

  • Helps pilots systematically assess risk before flight
  • External pressures include get-there-itis and social obligations
  • Each category should be evaluated individually before departure

Memory trick: Pilots Always Value Every risk category.

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