New York Real Estate Salesperson ExaminationValuation and Market AnalysisEasy

A buyer is considering two homes that are virtually identical in terms of size, features, and location. Home A is listed at $400,000, while Home B, which just came on the market, is listed at $380,000. According to the principle of substitution, what is the likely maximum value a prudent buyer would pay for Home A?

  1. A$360,000
  2. B$390,000
  3. C$380,000
  4. D$400,000
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C. $380,000

The principle of substitution states that a prudent buyer will pay no more for a property than the cost of acquiring an equally desirable substitute property. Since Home B is an equally desirable substitute at $380,000, that is the maximum a buyer would likely pay for Home A.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. This value is too low, as the substitute is available at $380,000.
  • B. This is an arbitrary value; the principle points to the cost of the substitute.
  • D. A prudent buyer would not pay more if an identical, cheaper option exists.

Principle of Substitution

An appraisal principle stating that a prudent buyer will pay no more for a property than the cost of acquiring an equally desirable substitute property.

  • Forms the basis for the sales comparison approach.
  • Applies to both buyers and sellers.
  • Value is limited by the availability of comparable alternatives.

Memory trick: Value's Principles: CA(P) CON(T) SUB.

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