NREMT Paramedic Cognitive ExamCardiology & ResuscitationEasy
A 70-year-old male with a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia complains of intermittent chest discomfort that occurs during exertion and is relieved by rest. This pattern has been consistent for several months. What is the MOST likely diagnosis?
- AStable angina.
- BUnstable angina.
- CMyocardial infarction.
- DPericarditis.
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: A. Stable angina.
The key characteristics of stable angina are chest discomfort that is predictable (occurs with exertion), reproducible, and relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. This has been a consistent pattern for months, indicating a chronic, stable condition.
Why the other options are wrong
- B. Unstable angina is new onset, increasing in frequency/intensity, or occurring at rest.
- C. Myocardial infarction involves necrosis and is associated with persistent pain not relieved by rest.
- D. Pericarditis typically presents with sharp, pleuritic chest pain that is worse when lying down and improves when leaning forward.
Stable Angina Pectoris
Chest pain or discomfort caused by myocardial ischemia (reduced blood flow to the heart muscle) that is predictable, reproducible, and relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.
- Occurs with physical exertion or emotional stress.
- Relieved by rest or sublingual nitroglycerin.
- Consistent pattern over time.
Memory trick: Stable Angina: 'Predictable' and 'Relieved by Rest'!