FAA Instrument Flight Instructor (FII)IFR Procedures and ApproachesMedium

A pilot is flying an RNAV (GPS) approach with LNAV/VNAV minimums. The GPS receiver indicates 'LPV' as the active approach type. Which statement accurately describes the vertical guidance provided by LPV minimums?

  1. ALPV provides precision vertical guidance, comparable to an ILS glideslope, but without the requirement for ground-based navigation aids.
  2. BLPV offers no vertical guidance, only lateral navigation to the runway.
  3. CLPV provides vertical guidance based solely on barometric altimetry, susceptible to temperature errors.
  4. DLPV provides advisory vertical guidance, similar to a VNAV descent path.
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. LPV provides precision vertical guidance, comparable to an ILS glideslope, but without the requirement for ground-based navigation aids.

LPV (Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance) minimums provide a decision altitude (DA) and precision vertical guidance comparable to an ILS glideslope. It uses WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) to achieve this accuracy, eliminating the need for ground-based navigation aids. This makes it a precision approach, even though it's GPS-based.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. This describes LNAV-only minimums, which provide only lateral guidance to an MDA.
  • C. Baro-VNAV uses barometric altimetry, which is susceptible to temperature errors. LPV uses WAAS for vertical guidance.
  • D. Advisory vertical guidance is typically associated with LNAV+V or baro-VNAV, not LPV.

LPV (Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance)

LPV is a type of RNAV (GPS) approach that uses WAAS to provide precision lateral and vertical guidance, comparable to an ILS, culminating in a Decision Altitude (DA).

  • Provides precision vertical guidance.
  • Requires WAAS for accuracy.
  • Results in a Decision Altitude (DA), not a Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA).
  • Does not require ground-based navigation aids.

Memory trick: LPV is Like a Precision Vertical, but from the Sky.

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