Professional Cloud ArchitectManage and provision solution infrastructureMedium

A retail company is expanding its online presence globally and needs to ensure that its web application is highly available and responsive to users worldwide. The application uses a multi-region deployment on Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE). You need to configure a single global IP address for the application, with intelligent routing to the nearest healthy backend. Which Google Cloud load balancing solution should you use?

  1. AInternal HTTP(S) Load Balancer
  2. BInternal TCP/UDP Load Balancer
  3. CNetwork Load Balancer
  4. DExternal HTTP(S) Load Balancer
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D. External HTTP(S) Load Balancer

The External HTTP(S) Load Balancer provides a single global IP address and intelligently routes traffic to the nearest healthy backend for HTTP/HTTPS applications, which is ideal for a global web application on GKE.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Internal HTTP(S) Load Balancer is for internal traffic within a VPC network, not for external global access.
  • B. Internal TCP/UDP Load Balancer is for internal TCP/UDP traffic within a VPC network, not for external global access.
  • C. Network Load Balancer is a regional, pass-through load balancer for TCP/UDP traffic, not application-aware or global for HTTP(S).

External HTTP(S) Load Balancer

A global, highly scalable load balancer that distributes HTTP/HTTPS traffic to backends based on URL maps and health checks, providing a single IP address.

  • Global load balancing for HTTP/HTTPS traffic.
  • Provides a single global IP address.
  • Intelligent routing based on URL paths, hosts, and health.
  • Supports GKE, Compute Engine, and Cloud Run backends.

Memory trick: External HTTP(S) is for the world wide web, Network is for raw connections, Internal is for within.

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