NIC Esthetician Written ExamSkin Analysis and ConsultationMedium
During a client consultation, the client expresses concern about uneven skin tone and dark spots, particularly on her forehead and upper lip. She also mentions that these spots became more noticeable after her last pregnancy. Which condition is the esthetician most likely observing?
- AMelasma
- BPost-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
- CVitiligo
- DSolar lentigines
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: A. Melasma
Melasma is a common skin condition characterized by symmetrical, irregular patches of hyperpigmentation, often on the face (forehead, cheeks, upper lip, chin). It is strongly associated with hormonal fluctuations, such as those during pregnancy (often called 'the mask of pregnancy') or with oral contraceptive use, and is exacerbated by sun exposure.
Why the other options are wrong
- B. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) occurs after inflammation or injury (e.g., acne, wound), not typically linked to pregnancy.
- C. Vitiligo is a condition causing loss of skin pigment, resulting in white patches, which is the opposite of hyperpigmentation.
- D. Solar lentigines ('sun spots' or 'age spots') are caused by sun exposure and are not typically linked to hormonal changes or pregnancy.
Melasma
A common skin problem that causes dark, discolored patches on your skin, primarily on the face, often triggered by hormonal changes and sun exposure.
- Often called 'the mask of pregnancy'.
- Aggravated by sun exposure.
- Requires careful management and sun protection.
Memory trick: Pigment problems stem from sun, hormones, or injury.