NIC Esthetician Written ExamSkin Analysis and ConsultationMedium
A client reports experiencing frequent breakouts, particularly along the jawline and chin, which tend to worsen around her menstrual cycle. Her skin appears somewhat oily in the T-zone but is otherwise relatively clear. What is the most likely cause of her acne?
- AComedonal acne due to improper cleansing.
- BFungal acne (Malassezia folliculitis).
- CHormonal acne due to fluctuating androgen levels.
- DAcne mechanica from touching her face frequently.
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: C. Hormonal acne due to fluctuating androgen levels.
Acne breakouts that occur predominantly along the jawline and chin, and fluctuate with the menstrual cycle, are highly characteristic of hormonal acne. This type of acne is often linked to fluctuations in androgen levels, which can stimulate excess sebum production and inflammation in these specific areas.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. While improper cleansing can contribute to comedonal acne, the specific pattern and menstrual cycle correlation point away from this as the primary cause.
- B. Fungal acne typically presents as uniform, small, itchy papules and pustules, often on the chest or back, and is not usually tied to the menstrual cycle in this manner.
- D. Acne mechanica is caused by friction or pressure, typically seen in areas like under helmet straps, not usually along the jawline specifically linked to the menstrual cycle.
Hormonal Acne
Acne characterized by breakouts, often cystic, along the jawline, chin, and neck, typically triggered or exacerbated by hormonal fluctuations (e.g., menstrual cycle, pregnancy).
- Common in adult women.
- Often deep, painful lesions.
- Requires targeted treatments to balance hormones or reduce their impact.
Memory trick: Acne comes from oil, bacteria, hormones, or friction.