GED Reasoning Through Language ArtsReading ComprehensionHard
A student is reading a persuasive essay arguing for increased funding for public parks. The essay includes a paragraph that describes the dilapidated state of current park facilities: 'Broken swings, graffiti-covered benches, and overgrown pathways greet visitors, transforming once vibrant green spaces into neglected eyesores.' What is the primary rhetorical effect of this description?
- ATo appeal to the reader's emotions by creating a sense of sadness and urgency.
- BTo distract the reader from the main argument of the essay.
- CTo provide a neutral, factual overview of the park's condition.
- DTo logically demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of new funding.
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: A. To appeal to the reader's emotions by creating a sense of sadness and urgency.
The vivid, negative imagery ('broken swings,' 'graffiti-covered benches,' 'neglected eyesores') is designed to evoke strong emotional responses like sadness, disappointment, and a sense of loss, thereby creating urgency for action (increased funding). This is a classic use of pathos.
Why the other options are wrong
- B. The description directly supports the main argument for funding by illustrating the negative consequences of lack of funding, rather than distracting from it.
- C. The language used ('dilapidated,' 'neglected eyesores') is highly subjective and emotionally charged, not neutral or purely factual.
- D. Emotional appeals are distinct from logical demonstrations of cost-effectiveness, which would require financial data.
Rhetorical Effect: Pathos
The impact achieved when an author appeals to the audience's emotions, values, or beliefs to persuade them.
- Often uses vivid imagery, personal anecdotes, or emotionally charged language.
- Aims to create empathy, anger, fear, sadness, or joy.
- One of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (Ethos, Pathos, Logos).
Memory trick: Rhetorical appeals are how speakers target your mind, heart, and trust.