NIC Nail Technician Written ExamScientific ConceptsMedium
When performing a manicure, a technician notices that a client's nails have an unusual yellowish discoloration and are starting to thicken and crumble at the free edge. There is no pain or inflammation. What condition is most likely present?
- AOnychomycosis
- BMelanonychia
- CParonychia
- DOnychophagy
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: A. Onychomycosis
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail, commonly presenting with discoloration (often yellow, brown, or white), thickening, and crumbling of the nail plate, particularly at the free edge. It is typically not painful in its early stages.
Why the other options are wrong
- B. Melanonychia is a darkening or black discoloration of the nail, often appearing as a stripe, due to melanin pigment.
- C. Paronychia is a bacterial or fungal infection around the nail fold, characterized by redness, swelling, and pain.
- D. Onychophagy refers to nail biting and would present as bitten, often short and uneven nails, not necessarily discolored or thickened.
Onychomycosis
A common fungal infection of the nail plate and bed, often leading to discoloration, thickening, and crumbling of the nail.
- Caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, or molds.
- Often affects toenails more than fingernails.
- Requires medical diagnosis and treatment; nail technicians should not service affected nails.
Memory trick: Fungi Fester, Bacteria Burn.