NIC Nail Technician Written ExamScientific ConceptsMedium
A technician is performing a pedicure and notices a client has a small, dark discoloration under their toenail that appears to be a bruise, likely from an injury. The client denies pain but is concerned about its appearance. What is the correct term for this condition?
- AMelanonychia
- BLeukonychia
- COnychosis
- DBruised nail
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: D. Bruised nail
A bruised nail, also known as a subungual hematoma, is caused by trauma or injury to the nail bed, resulting in bleeding under the nail plate. This creates a dark discoloration that can range from red to black. While melanonychia is pigmentation, a bruise is specifically blood. The other terms are incorrect for this scenario.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Melanonychia is a brown or black pigmentation of the nail, often a band, due to melanin production, not necessarily a bruise.
- B. Leukonychia refers to white spots or discoloration on the nail plate.
- C. Onychosis is a general term for any nail disease or deformity, not a specific condition.
Bruised Nail (Subungual Hematoma)
A condition caused by trauma to the nail, resulting in bleeding under the nail plate.
- Appears as a dark red, purple, or black discoloration.
- Often painless unless severe pressure builds.
- Grows out with the nail plate.
Memory trick: Color clues lead to nail truth.