NHA Certified Phlebotomy Technician (CPT)Collection RoutineMedium
A phlebotomy technician is performing a venipuncture on a patient who reports feeling lightheaded and dizzy. The patient's skin appears pale and clammy. Which of the following is the most appropriate immediate action?
- AOffer the patient a sugary drink to raise blood glucose.
- BContinue the draw quickly to finish.
- CRemove the tourniquet and needle, apply pressure to the site, and lower the patient's head.
- DElevate the patient's feet above their head.
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: C. Remove the tourniquet and needle, apply pressure to the site, and lower the patient's head.
These symptoms indicate impending syncope (fainting). The immediate priority is to ensure the patient's safety by removing the needle and tourniquet to prevent injury, applying pressure, and lowering the patient's head to improve blood flow to the brain.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Offering a sugary drink is not an immediate action for syncope and is only appropriate if hypoglycemia is suspected after initial safety measures are taken.
- B. Continuing the draw would put the patient at risk of injury if they faint and is not safe.
- D. Elevating the feet is part of recovery but should only be done after the needle and tourniquet are removed and the head is lowered.
Vasovagal Syncope During Venipuncture
Vasovagal syncope (fainting) is a common adverse reaction during venipuncture. Symptoms include lightheadedness, dizziness, pallor, and clamminess, requiring immediate cessation of the draw and patient safety measures.
- Caused by sudden drop in heart rate and blood pressure
- Symptoms: dizziness, pallor, cold sweat, nausea
- Immediate action: remove needle/tourniquet, lower head, elevate feet
- Preventative measures: supine position, distraction, communication
Memory trick: If they feel 'Faint', 'Remove', 'Lower', then 'Recover'.