NHA Certified Clinical Medical Assistant (CCMA)Foundational Knowledge and Basic ScienceEasy
A medical assistant is reviewing a patient's chart and notes an order for 'NPO after midnight'. What does this instruction indicate for the patient?
- AThe patient should have a light meal before midnight.
- BThe patient can have ice chips but no other food or drink.
- CThe patient should only consume clear liquids after midnight.
- DThe patient should not ingest anything by mouth after midnight.
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: D. The patient should not ingest anything by mouth after midnight.
NPO is a common medical abbreviation derived from Latin, meaning 'nil per os' or 'nothing by mouth.' This instruction is crucial before certain procedures or surgeries to prevent complications like aspiration.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. This option is incorrect; 'NPO' restricts all oral intake, not just solid foods.
- B. This option is incorrect; 'NPO' typically includes no ice chips, as they melt into water.
- C. This option is incorrect; 'NPO' means absolutely nothing by mouth, including clear liquids.
NPO (Nil per os)
A medical abbreviation derived from Latin, meaning 'nothing by mouth.' It is a common instruction given to patients before surgery or certain medical procedures.
- Indicates complete restriction of oral intake.
- Used to prevent aspiration during anesthesia or procedures.
- Includes food, drink, gum, and sometimes even medications unless specified.
Memory trick: Many Patient Orders Outlaw Oral.