ASVAB (Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery)General Science (GS)Medium

A scientist is studying a newly discovered organism and observes that it lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Its genetic material is freely located in the cytoplasm. This organism is most likely a(n):

  1. Aplant
  2. Beukaryote
  3. Cprokaryote
  4. Dfungus
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C. prokaryote

Prokaryotic cells are defined by the absence of a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, with their genetic material typically found in a region called the nucleoid within the cytoplasm. Eukaryotic cells (including fungi and plants) possess a true nucleus and organelles.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Plants are eukaryotes and possess a nucleus and organelles like chloroplasts.
  • B. Eukaryotes have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
  • D. Fungi are eukaryotes and possess a nucleus.

Prokaryote

A single-celled organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle.

  • Genetic material (DNA) is in the cytoplasm (nucleoid region).
  • Includes bacteria and archaea.
  • Generally smaller and simpler in structure than eukaryotic cells.

Memory trick: Pro-no nucleus, Eu-true nucleus.

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