Texas Cosmetology Operator Written ExamHair Care ServicesMedium
A client with extremely fine, fragile hair desires a perm that will add body without causing excessive damage. Which type of perm solution, known for its lower pH and gentler action, would be most suitable?
- AThioglycolate-free perm
- BExothermic perm
- CAlkaline (cold) perm
- DAcid-balanced perm
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: D. Acid-balanced perm
Acid-balanced perms have a lower pH (4.5-7.0) and are gentler on the hair, making them ideal for delicate, fine, or damaged hair types that require a less aggressive chemical process.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Thioglycolate-free perms (often called 'thio-free') can still be strong and are not solely defined by their pH or gentleness for fragile hair.
- B. Exothermic perms generate their own heat and can be strong, potentially damaging fragile hair.
- C. Alkaline perms have a high pH (9.0-9.6) and are too strong for fine, fragile hair, potentially causing damage.
Acid-Balanced Perms
Perm solutions with a pH between 4.5 and 7.0, designed for gentler processing, often used on fragile, color-treated, or porous hair.
- Require heat (hood dryer) to process.
- Produce softer, more natural-looking curls.
- Minimize swelling of the hair cuticle, reducing damage.
Memory trick: Acid perms are for the 'A' class hair: A=Acid, A=Average/Fragile.