NIC Esthetician Written ExamTreatment ProceduresMedium
A client with Fitzpatrick skin type V is seeking a facial treatment to address uneven skin tone and texture, but has a history of sensitivity and is prone to hyperpigmentation. The esthetician recommends a gentle enzyme peel. Which of the following enzymes is MOST commonly used in professional esthetics for its mild exfoliating properties, suitable for sensitive and darker skin types?
- ALactic acid
- BBromelain
- CSalicylic acid
- DGlycolic acid
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: B. Bromelain
Bromelain, derived from pineapple, is a proteolytic enzyme that gently digests dead protein cells on the skin's surface without disrupting the living cells. It's known for its mild action, making it suitable for sensitive skin and Fitzpatrick types prone to hyperpigmentation.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Lactic acid is an AHA, generally milder than glycolic, but still an acid exfoliant. Enzymes like bromelain are often preferred for maximum gentleness on very sensitive or prone-to-PIH skin.
- C. Salicylic acid is a BHA, primarily for oily and acne-prone skin, and while good for exfoliation, it's not typically the 'mildest' choice for general sensitive skin concerns.
- D. Glycolic acid is an AHA, which can be too strong for sensitive, darker skin types if not carefully formulated, increasing PIH risk.
Bromelain Enzyme Peel
A gentle enzymatic exfoliation using bromelain, an enzyme derived from pineapple, to digest dead protein cells on the skin's surface.
- Proteolytic enzyme.
- Derived from pineapple.
- Gentle exfoliation, suitable for sensitive skin.
- Helps improve skin texture and brightness.
Memory trick: Fruity Enzymes for Gentle Peels