CSLB Law & Business ExamBusiness FinancesHard

A contractor is reviewing the company's financial records and notes an entry where a customer's account balance was reduced because the customer returned defective goods. How should this transaction be recorded?

  1. ADebit Cash, Credit Sales Returns and Allowances
  2. BDebit Accounts Receivable, Credit Sales Revenue
  3. CDebit Sales Returns and Allowances, Credit Accounts Receivable
  4. DDebit Sales Revenue, Credit Accounts Receivable
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C. Debit Sales Returns and Allowances, Credit Accounts Receivable

When a customer returns goods, the company's revenue is effectively reduced, and the customer no longer owes money for those goods. This is recorded by debiting a contra-revenue account called 'Sales Returns and Allowances' to reduce net sales, and crediting 'Accounts Receivable' to reduce the amount the customer owes.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. This would imply cash was received, and Sales Returns was a liability, which is incorrect.
  • B. This entry would increase Accounts Receivable and decrease Sales Revenue, which is incorrect.
  • D. Debiting Sales Revenue directly is less common; a contra-revenue account is preferred.

Sales Returns and Allowances

A contra-revenue account used to record reductions in sales revenue due to customers returning merchandise or being granted allowances for defective goods.

  • Has a normal debit balance, which reduces overall net sales.
  • Used to track the amount of sales that are not realized due to customer dissatisfaction.
  • Part of the sales revenue recognition process in accrual accounting.

Memory trick: Returns & Allowances DEBIT, to reduce the customer's AR.

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