FAA Instrument Flight Instructor (FII)Instruments and SystemsMedium

A pilot abruptly pulls back on the yoke to begin a climb. Immediately afterward, the vertical speed indicator (VSI) briefly shows a slight descent before settling into an accurate climb indication a few seconds later. What causes this brief erroneous indication?

  1. AA leak in the static line causing altimeter and VSI disagreement
  2. BThe inherent lag of the VSI's calibrated leak mechanism responding to the pressure change
  3. CPrecession error identical to that found in the attitude indicator
  4. DPitot tube icing affecting airspeed and vertical speed together
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. The inherent lag of the VSI's calibrated leak mechanism responding to the pressure change

The VSI operates using a diaphragm connected to a calibrated leak that measures the rate of change of static pressure; this mechanism has an inherent few-second lag, which can cause a brief, momentarily reversed or inaccurate indication (a 'zero delay' effect) immediately after abrupt pitch changes before stabilizing. This is a normal characteristic, most pronounced in standard (non-instantaneous) VSIs.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. A static leak would cause persistent errors, not a brief momentary reversal.
  • C. Precession error is specific to gyroscopic instruments like the attitude indicator, not the VSI.
  • D. Pitot icing affects airspeed, not the VSI, which uses only the static system.

VSI Lag

A brief delay in vertical speed indicator response caused by the time needed for pressure to equalize through the instrument's calibrated leak, sometimes producing a momentary reversed indication after abrupt pitch changes.

  • Standard VSI has several seconds of lag
  • Instantaneous VSI (IVSI) uses accelerometers to reduce lag
  • Momentary reversed indication is normal, not a malfunction

Memory trick: The leak takes a beat to catch up—like a slow leak taking time to equalize

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