FAA Private Pilot Helicopter (PRH)Helicopter Aerodynamics and SystemsMedium

A pilot applies an aft cyclic input that produces a downward force on the tip-path plane at the 3 o'clock position of a main rotor that rotates counterclockwise when viewed from above. Due to gyroscopic precession, at what position on the rotor disc will the maximum resulting displacement occur?

  1. A12 o'clock
  2. B9 o'clock
  3. C6 o'clock
  4. D3 o'clock, where the force was applied
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. 12 o'clock

Gyroscopic precession causes the resultant force to be displaced 90° in the direction of rotation from the point where the force was applied. For a counterclockwise rotor, 90° later in rotation from the 3 o'clock position is the 12 o'clock position, so maximum displacement occurs there.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. 9 o'clock is 180° from the applied force, not 90° in the rotation direction.
  • C. 6 o'clock is 90° opposite the direction of rotation, not correct.
  • D. The force is applied here, but the effect is displaced 90° in rotation direction, not felt here.

Gyroscopic Precession

A property of rotating bodies where an applied force is manifested 90° later in the direction of rotation.

  • Effect occurs 90° in the direction of rotation from the applied force
  • Explains rotor disc tilt response to cyclic and mast movement
  • Critical to understanding two-bladed semi-rigid rotor dynamics

Memory trick: Push now, feel it 90° later — precession plays a delay game.

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