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Microsoft Certified: DevOps Engineer Expert practice questions

209 free questions with answers and explanations.

Practice test
  1. 1.You are designing a new build pipeline in Azure DevOps for a microservices application. Each microservice has its own Git repository and needs to be built independently. The build process for each microservice is similar but requires specific parameters (e.g., service name, Docker image tag). You want to minimize duplication of YAML code and ensure consistency across all microservice builds. Which Azure DevOps pipeline feature should you use?Design and implement source control
  2. 2.A company is migrating its existing on-premises Team Foundation Version Control (TFVC) repository to Azure Repos Git. The TFVC repository has a very large history, including numerous branches and merges, and it's essential to preserve the complete history and relationships accurately in Git. The development team is comfortable with command-line tools. Which tool is best suited for this full-fidelity migration?Design and implement source control
  3. 3.A company uses Azure DevOps for its source control, utilizing Git. They want to enforce specific quality and security standards for all code merged into the `main` branch. This includes requiring at least two reviewers, successful completion of a build validation pipeline, and approval from a security scan. These rules must be applied automatically to all pull requests targeting the `main` branch. Which Azure DevOps feature should they configure?Design and implement source control
  4. 4.A company is migrating its existing on-premises Subversion (SVN) repository to Git in Azure Repos. The SVN repository has a complex history with multiple branches and tags, and the company wants to preserve the full commit history, including all branching and merging information, during the migration. Which tool is best suited for this requirement?Design and implement source control
  5. 5.You are configuring an Azure DevOps build pipeline. This pipeline needs to securely access a private feed in Azure Artifacts to download internal NuGet packages. The pipeline runs on a Microsoft-hosted agent. You want to ensure that the pipeline uses the correct authentication without hardcoding credentials or using a personal access token (PAT) directly in the YAML. Which authentication mechanism is automatically available and recommended for this scenario?Design and implement source control
  6. 6.A software development team is using Azure DevOps for their source control. They have a large monorepo containing several independent microservices. Each microservice has its own build pipeline. The team wants to optimize their CI/CD process so that a build pipeline for a specific microservice is only triggered when changes are pushed to files within that microservice's directory. Which feature should they configure in their build pipelines?Design and implement source control
  7. 7.A development team is migrating their existing on-premises Team Foundation Version Control (TFVC) repository to Azure DevOps Git. They have a large history with many branches and merges. The team wants to preserve all historical data, including branches, merges, and changesets, while ensuring a smooth transition with minimal disruption. Which migration strategy should they use?Design and implement source control
  8. 8.A development team uses Azure DevOps for their source control and build pipelines. They maintain a private NuGet feed for internal packages. They want to ensure that all build pipelines automatically authenticate and publish new package versions to this private feed without requiring manual credential management within each pipeline definition. Which service connection type should they use to connect to the private NuGet feed?Design and implement source control
  9. 9.A development team is implementing a strategy for managing build agents. They require agents that are automatically scaled up or down based on demand, ensuring that build queues remain short during peak times and resources are not wasted during off-peak hours. The agents must run on Linux and be able to execute Docker commands. Which type of build agent infrastructure should they implement?Design and implement source control
  10. 10.A development team is using Azure DevOps for their source control and build pipelines. They have a large monorepo containing multiple independent services. The team wants to ensure that build pipelines are only triggered for a specific service when changes are made to that service's directory. They also want to include changes to a common shared library in a `shared/libs` directory that all services depend on. Which configuration should they use in their Azure Pipelines YAML definition?Design and implement source control
  11. 11.A development team is using Azure DevOps and wants to implement a consistent and secure way to manage secrets (e.g., API keys, database connection strings) that are used by their build pipelines. These secrets should not be hardcoded in YAML files and should be accessible only to authorized pipelines. Which Azure DevOps feature is best suited for this requirement?Design and implement source control
  12. 12.A company uses Azure DevOps exclusively for source control (Git) and has a separate, on-premises Jenkins instance for building and deploying applications. They want to integrate their Azure DevOps Git repositories with Jenkins so that Jenkins builds are automatically triggered whenever new code is pushed to a specific branch in Azure DevOps. Which integration method should they configure?Design and implement source control
  13. 13.A company is implementing a new package management strategy using Azure Artifacts. They have a public upstream source (nuget.org) and also publish their own internal NuGet packages. They want to configure their feed to prioritize their internal packages over public packages when a package with the same name exists in both sources, and also ensure that all public packages are cached for faster access. Which configuration should they apply to their Azure Artifacts feed?Design and implement source control
  14. 14.A software development company is using Feature Branch Git workflow. They want to ensure that before any pull request (PR) can be merged into the 'main' branch, a build pipeline must successfully complete, and at least two reviewers must approve the changes. Additionally, the build pipeline should run automatically whenever a new commit is pushed to the feature branch associated with an active PR. Which combination of Azure DevOps branch policies and pipeline triggers should they configure?Design and implement source control
  15. 15.A company is developing a machine learning application. Their build pipeline generates large model files (e.g., `.pkl`, `.h5`) that are too large to be stored efficiently in Git. These files are outputs of a training process and need to be versioned along with the code that generated them. The team wants to use Git for source control but needs a way to manage these large binary files without bloating the repository or degrading Git performance. Which solution should they implement?Design and implement source control
  16. 16.A company is adopting a monorepo strategy for its microservices. Each microservice has its own folder within the single Git repository (e.g., /src/serviceA, /src/serviceB). They want to create a single Azure DevOps YAML pipeline that can build only the microservice whose code has changed in a given commit, rather than building all microservices every time. Which pipeline feature should they use to achieve this optimized build behavior?Design and implement source control
  17. 17.A company is developing a machine learning application. The application's build process generates large model files (several GBs) that need to be packaged and made available for deployment. These model files are too large to be stored efficiently in Git and should not be part of the standard build artifacts. They need a robust way to store, version, and distribute these large files. Which Azure DevOps integrated solution should they use?Design and implement source control
  18. 18.A company is implementing a new package management strategy using Azure Artifacts. They have internal NuGet packages published to a private feed, and they also consume several public NuGet packages from nuget.org. Developers currently configure multiple package sources in their local NuGet.config files. The company wants to simplify this configuration and ensure that developers can resolve both internal and public packages from a single, unified feed without manually configuring each source. Which Azure Artifacts feature should they use?Design and implement source control
  19. 19.A company is implementing a Git-based source control strategy in Azure Repos. They want to enforce a policy where all code changes must go through a pull request (PR) process and require at least two approved reviewers before merging into the `main` branch. Additionally, they want to ensure that a successful build pipeline run is completed for every PR before it can be merged. Which Azure Repos features should they configure?Design and implement source control
  20. 20.A company is developing a machine learning application. Their build pipeline generates large model files (several gigabytes) as part of the build artifacts. They need a way to store these large files and make them available to subsequent release pipelines. Standard Azure Artifacts feeds (like NuGet or npm) are not suitable due to file size and type. Which Azure Artifacts package type should they use?Design and implement source control
  21. 21.A company uses Azure DevOps for its source control and build pipelines. They have a complex build process that involves multiple steps, including code analysis, compilation, and unit testing. Several of these steps are identical across multiple build pipelines. The team wants to standardize these common steps to ensure consistency, reduce duplication, and simplify maintenance. Changes to these standardized steps should propagate automatically to all pipelines that use them. Which Azure DevOps feature should they implement?Design and implement source control
  22. 22.A company is developing a complex application with multiple components, each managed by a separate Git repository. They need to create a single Azure DevOps build pipeline that can pull code from these multiple repositories as part of its build process. The main repository contains the pipeline YAML, and other repositories contain libraries or microservices. How should they configure the pipeline to fetch code from these additional repositories?Design and implement source control
  23. 23.A company uses Azure DevOps for its source control, build, and release pipelines. They have several build agents running on virtual machines in an on-premises data center. The IT department has a strict policy that requires all virtual machine operating systems to be patched and restarted monthly. This causes build agent downtime during patching. The development team wants to minimize this downtime and ensure that build capacity is always available, even during maintenance windows. Which type of build agent should they implement?Design and implement source control
  24. 24.A company is migrating its existing source code from a legacy Subversion (SVN) repository to Azure Repos Git. The SVN repository has a long history with complex branching and merging patterns. The team wants to preserve as much of the commit history and branching structure as possible during the migration. Which migration strategy is most appropriate for this scenario?Design and implement source control
  25. 25.A development team is using Azure DevOps and has several build pipelines. They want to ensure that all pipelines consistently use the same set of approved tools and versions (e.g., specific Node.js version, .NET SDK). They also want to centralize the definition of common build steps to promote reusability and reduce duplication across pipelines. Which Azure DevOps feature should they primarily leverage?Design and implement source control
  26. 26.A company is migrating its existing on-premises Team Foundation Version Control (TFVC) repository to Git in Azure DevOps. The TFVC repository has a complex structure with multiple branches and merge history that needs to be preserved. The company requires a full-fidelity migration, including all changesets, branches, and merge relationships. Which tool should the company use for this migration?Design and implement source control
  27. 27.A development team uses Azure DevOps for their source control and build pipelines. They maintain sensitive configuration values, such as API keys and database connection strings, that are required by their build and release pipelines. These values must be stored securely and be accessible to pipelines without being hardcoded in YAML files. The team also wants to manage these secrets centrally and integrate with Azure Key Vault for enhanced security. Which Azure DevOps feature should they use?Design and implement source control
  28. 28.A team is developing a new application that uses a combination of public open-source NuGet packages and proprietary internal NuGet packages. They want to set up Azure Artifacts to manage these packages. They need to ensure that developers can consume both types of packages from a single feed, prioritizing internal packages when names conflict. Additionally, they want to automatically save any public packages consumed to their internal feed for reliability and auditing. Which Azure Artifacts configuration should they implement?Design and implement source control
  29. 29.A team is using Azure DevOps for their source control and build pipelines. They have several private NuGet feeds hosted in Azure Artifacts. Their build pipelines need to publish new NuGet packages to these private feeds and consume existing packages. To do this securely without hardcoding credentials, which type of Azure DevOps construct should be configured to allow the build pipeline to interact with Azure Artifacts feeds?Design and implement source control
  30. 30.A company is migrating its existing on-premises Subversion (SVN) repository to Git in Azure DevOps. The SVN repository has a long and complex history, including multiple branches and tags. The company requires a full-fidelity migration, preserving all commit history, author information, branch structures, and tag references. Which utility is best suited for this task?Design and implement source control
  31. 31.A company is setting up self-hosted build agents in an on-premises data center for Azure DevOps. These agents need to access internal network resources and build applications that require specific software (e.g., a proprietary compiler) not available on Microsoft-hosted agents. The agents should be configured to run as a service and securely communicate with Azure DevOps. Which steps are crucial during the agent installation and configuration?Design and implement source control
  32. 32.A team is developing a large application with several independent components, each residing in its own Git repository in Azure Repos. A build pipeline for the main application needs to access code from multiple repositories (e.g., common libraries, configuration files) during its execution. How should the pipeline be configured to efficiently check out code from these additional repositories?Design and implement source control
  33. 33.A team is developing a complex application with several independent components, each residing in its own Git repository within the same Azure DevOps project. A build pipeline for the main application needs to checkout code from its primary repository and also from two other component repositories to compile and package the final application. The team wants to ensure that all required repositories are available at build time without manually cloning them in the script. Which feature should they use in their Azure Pipelines YAML definition?Design and implement source control
  34. 34.A development team is using Azure DevOps for their source control and build pipelines. They have multiple build pipelines that share common steps, such as compiling code, running unit tests, and publishing artifacts. They want to ensure consistency and reusability of these common steps across all pipelines. Which Azure DevOps feature should they use to achieve this?Design and implement source control
  35. 35.A company is using Azure DevOps to manage its software development lifecycle. They need to integrate an external security scanning tool into their release pipeline. This tool requires approval from a security team before deploying to production. The approval process involves reviewing the scan results and manually approving the deployment. The security team uses a separate ticketing system, and the approval status needs to be reflected in Azure DevOps. Which Azure DevOps feature should they use to manage this approval process effectively?Design and implement source control
  36. 36.A software development company uses Azure DevOps for its source control. They have a large monorepo with several independent projects, each managed by a different team. They want to integrate a third-party code quality analysis tool that runs a scan whenever code is pushed to the `main` branch. This tool has a webhook that can be configured to receive notifications from Azure DevOps. The company needs to configure Azure DevOps to send specific events to this webhook. Which Azure DevOps feature should they use?Design and implement source control
  37. 37.A team is developing a new application that uses a combination of public open-source NuGet packages and internal proprietary NuGet packages. They are using Azure Artifacts for their private feeds. The team wants to ensure that when a developer builds the application, the build process first attempts to retrieve packages from the internal feed. If a package is not found in the internal feed, it should then attempt to retrieve it from nuget.org. This order of resolution is critical for security and performance. Which Azure Artifacts configuration should they implement?Design and implement source control
  38. 38.A project team is setting up a new Git repository in Azure DevOps. They want to prevent large binary files (e.g., compiled executables, large datasets) from being committed directly into the repository, as this would inflate its size and negatively impact clone times. However, these files are necessary for some build processes and need to be tracked and versioned. Which Git feature should they integrate with their repository?Design and implement source control
  39. 39.A company uses Azure DevOps to manage its software development lifecycle. They need to integrate their Azure DevOps pipelines with an external, on-premises quality gate system. This system performs static code analysis and security scans and must approve a build before it can proceed to deployment. How should they integrate the external system to pause the pipeline and await approval?Design and implement source control
  40. 40.An organization is moving from an on-premises build server to Azure DevOps build agents. They have several legacy applications that require specific, outdated compiler versions and custom command-line tools that are not available on Microsoft-hosted agents. Which type of build agent should they implement to support these legacy applications?Design and implement source control
  41. 41.A DevOps team is experiencing frequent integration issues and merge conflicts when multiple developers work on the same codebase. They are currently using a strategy where developers commit directly to the 'main' branch. To mitigate these issues and improve code quality, they decide to introduce a mandatory review process before any code is merged into 'main'. Which pull request strategy should they implement to enforce this new process?Configure processes and communications
  42. 42.A software development team is practicing Continuous Integration (CI) and wants to ensure that all code merged into the `main` branch is always deployable. They have implemented automated unit tests, integration tests, and static code analysis. To further strengthen their quality gate and ensure a clean commit history, they want to enforce that every pull request passes all these checks and is then squashed into a single commit before merging. Which pull request merge strategy, combined with branch policies, would best achieve this?Configure processes and communications
  43. 43.A DevOps team is adopting a new agile work management approach. They want to ensure that work is pulled by the team members as capacity allows, rather than being pushed to them by a project manager. They also need a visual system to track work progress and identify bottlenecks. Which agile framework is best suited for these requirements?Configure processes and communications
  44. 44.A software company uses Azure DevOps to manage its projects. They have multiple teams working on different features, all contributing to the same main application codebase. To maintain a clean and stable `main` branch, they want to ensure that all changes are reviewed by at least two senior developers and pass all automated build validations before being merged. Which Azure DevOps feature should they configure to enforce these requirements?Configure processes and communications
  45. 45.A DevOps team requires a branch strategy that ensures the `main` branch always contains production-ready code. Development work for new features should occur in isolation, and hotfixes for production issues need to be developed and released quickly without disrupting ongoing feature development. Which branch strategy best supports these requirements?Configure processes and communications
  46. 46.A software company uses Azure DevOps to manage its projects. They have multiple teams working on different components of a large system. To ensure consistent application of quality gates, security checks, and compliance requirements across all pull requests, they need a mechanism to define and enforce these standards centrally. Which Azure DevOps feature should they leverage for this purpose?Configure processes and communications
  47. 47.A software development team is adopting Git for version control and wants to enforce a strict linear history in their main branch. They want to avoid merge commits in the main branch to keep the commit history clean and easy to follow. Which Git strategy should they primarily use when integrating changes from feature branches into the main branch?Configure processes and communications
  48. 48.An organization is transitioning to a DevOps culture and wants to foster better collaboration and knowledge sharing among development, operations, and quality assurance teams. They aim to reduce silos and ensure everyone is aware of changes, issues, and progress. Which communication strategy element is most effective for promoting transparency and shared understanding across these diverse teams?Configure processes and communications
  49. 49.A DevOps team is managing an Azure DevOps project. They want to ensure that all work items related to a specific product backlog item (PBI) are automatically linked when new tasks or bugs are created from that PBI. This will help in maintaining traceability and understanding the complete scope of work. Which linking type should the team configure as the default for new work item creations from a PBI?Configure processes and communications
  50. 50.A large enterprise is adopting Azure DevOps for managing its software development lifecycle. They have multiple product teams working on different applications, but some teams share common components and libraries. The enterprise wants to implement an agile work management approach that allows individual teams to manage their own backlogs and sprints, while also providing a consolidated view of progress across all products at a higher management level. Which agile work management tool in Azure DevOps is best suited for this scenario?Configure processes and communications