Digital SATMath: AlgebraMedium

A scientist is studying a chemical reaction where the rate of reaction, R, is inversely proportional to the square of the concentration of one reactant, C. If the rate of reaction is 0.05 M/s when the concentration is 0.2 M, what is the rate of reaction when the concentration is 0.5 M?

  1. A0.008 M/s
  2. B0.016 M/s
  3. C0.04 M/s
  4. D0.025 M/s
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. 0.008 M/s

Inversely proportional means R = k / C^2. Use the given values to find k: 0.05 = k / (0.2)^2. So, 0.05 = k / 0.04, which means k = 0.05 * 0.04 = 0.002. Now use k to find R when C = 0.5: R = 0.002 / (0.5)^2 = 0.002 / 0.25 = 0.008 M/s.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. This might result from an error in squaring the concentration or calculating k.
  • C. This is likely an error in the constant of proportionality or the final division.
  • D. This could arise from an incorrect inverse proportionality setup or calculation.

Inverse Proportionality (Squared)

A relationship where one quantity varies inversely with the square of another quantity, expressed as y = k/x^2.

  • The constant of proportionality (k) is found by multiplying y by x^2.
  • As x increases, y decreases rapidly.
  • Used in physics and chemistry for relationships like inverse square law.

Memory trick: Inverse means Divide, constant 'k' connects the sides.

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