GED Mathematical Reasoning TestAlgebraic Problem Solving with Graphs and FunctionsHard

A meteorologist is tracking the temperature in a desert region. The temperature, T, in degrees Celsius, at different times of the day, t (in hours from midnight), is recorded as a set of points. Which of the following sets of points represents a function?

  1. A{(7, 28), (9, 32), (11, 36), (13, 32)}
  2. B{(5, 20), (5, 22), (7, 24), (9, 26)}
  3. C{(6, 25), (8, 30), (8, 35), (10, 38)}
  4. D{(12, 40), (12, 42), (14, 45), (16, 48)}
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. {(7, 28), (9, 32), (11, 36), (13, 32)}

A set of points represents a function if each input (x-value) corresponds to exactly one output (y-value). In option B, each time (t-value) has only one recorded temperature (T-value). Options A, C, and D all have at least one input value (time) with multiple output values (temperatures), which violates the definition of a function.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. This is incorrect because the input '5' is paired with two different outputs ('20' and '22').
  • C. This is incorrect because the input '8' is paired with two different outputs ('30' and '35').
  • D. This is incorrect because the input '12' is paired with two different outputs ('40' and '42').

Definition of a Function

A function is a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs with the property that each input is related to exactly one output.

  • Each x-value (input) must have only one y-value (output).
  • It can be represented as a set of ordered pairs, a graph, or an equation.
  • The vertical line test can be used to determine if a graph represents a function.

Memory trick: One Input, One Output; No Cheating!

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