AWS Certified Welding Inspector — FundamentalsWelding ProcessesMedium

A CWI is overseeing the fabrication of a large pressure vessel using Submerged Arc Welding (SAW). The WPS specifies a travel speed of 18 inches per minute (ipm), a voltage of 32V, and a current of 600A. Calculate the heat input in kJ/inch.

  1. A70.7 kJ/inch
  2. B64.0 kJ/inch
  3. C32.0 kJ/inch
  4. D80.0 kJ/inch
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. 64.0 kJ/inch

Heat input (HI) is calculated using the formula: HI (kJ/inch) = (Voltage × Amperage × 60) / (Travel Speed × 1000). Plugging in the values: HI = (32V × 600A × 60) / (18 ipm × 1000) = 1,152,000 / 18,000 = 64 kJ/inch.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Incorrect calculation. This might arise from using 0.8 efficiency factor, which is not stated here.
  • C. Incorrect calculation. This would result from an error in the formula or conversion.
  • D. Incorrect calculation. This would result from an error in the formula or conversion.

Heat Input Calculation (SAW)

Heat input for welding processes like SAW is a measure of the energy transferred to the workpiece per unit length of weld, calculated as (Voltage × Amperage × 60) / (Travel Speed × 1000) in kJ/inch.

  • Expressed in kJ/inch or kJ/mm.
  • Directly affects metallurgical properties like grain size and toughness.
  • High heat input can lead to coarse grain structure and reduced toughness.
  • Low heat input can lead to lack of fusion or cracking.

Memory trick: Heat input: Voltage, Amperage, Travel Speed – the V.A.T. of weld energy.

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