ISC2 Certified in Cybersecurity (CC)Security PrinciplesMedium

A cyber insurance company is assessing the potential financial losses for a client due to a data breach. They estimate that if a breach occurs, the direct costs (investigation, notification, fines) and indirect costs (reputation damage, lost business) would sum up to $2 million. This estimate represents which component of risk quantification?

  1. ASingle Loss Expectancy (SLE)
  2. BExposure Factor (EF)
  3. CAnnualized Rate of Occurrence (ARO)
  4. DAnnualized Loss Expectancy (ALE)
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. Single Loss Expectancy (SLE)

Single Loss Expectancy (SLE) is the monetary value that is expected to be lost if an asset is compromised a single time. It includes both tangible and intangible costs associated with a single event.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. EF is the percentage of an asset's value that would be lost if a specific threat were to materialize.
  • C. ARO is the frequency of an event occurring in a year, not the financial loss per event.
  • D. ALE is the total expected loss over a year, calculated as SLE * ARO.

Single Loss Expectancy (SLE)

The monetary loss expected each time a specific threat materializes. It represents the value of a single loss event.

  • Includes direct and indirect costs.
  • A component of ALE calculation.
  • Expressed as a single monetary value.

Memory trick: SLE is the 'ouch' of one event.

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