NCLEX-PN® ExaminationReduction of Risk PotentialEasy
A licensed practical nurse (LPN) is reviewing the laboratory results for a client admitted with dehydration. Which finding would be the most concerning?
- ASodium 140 mEq/L
- BBlood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) 20 mg/dL
- CPotassium 2.8 mEq/L
- DChloride 100 mEq/L
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: C. Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
A potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia, which can lead to life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias. The other values are within normal limits or represent less immediate danger.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Sodium 140 mEq/L is within the normal range (135-145 mEq/L).
- B. BUN 20 mg/dL is slightly elevated but often seen with dehydration and is not as immediately life-threatening as severe hypokalemia.
- D. Chloride 100 mEq/L is within the normal range (98-106 mEq/L).
Hypokalemia
A condition characterized by abnormally low levels of potassium in the blood, typically below 3.5 mEq/L.
- Can cause cardiac dysrhythmias, muscle weakness, and fatigue.
- Often associated with diuretic use, vomiting, diarrhea, or inadequate dietary intake.
- Requires prompt medical intervention to prevent serious complications.
Memory trick: Electrolytes are like tiny charged wires; if potassium drops too low, the heart's circuit can short-circuit.