OSHA 10-Hour Construction ReviewExcavationsEasy

According to OSHA, what is the maximum depth at which a trench can be excavated without requiring a protective system, assuming the excavation is in stable soil and no other hazards are present?

  1. A3 feet (0.91 m)
  2. B6 feet (1.83 m)
  3. C5 feet (1.52 m)
  4. D4 feet (1.22 m)
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C. 5 feet (1.52 m)

OSHA regulation 29 CFR 1926.652(a)(1) states that each employee in an excavation shall be protected from cave-ins by an adequate protective system, except when excavations are made entirely in stable rock or are less than 5 feet (1.52 m) in depth and are examined by a competent person who finds no indication of a potential cave-in.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. While 3 feet is well within the safe limit, 5 feet is the maximum allowed without a protective system under specific conditions.
  • B. Any trench 5 feet or deeper requires a protective system, making 6 feet beyond the limit for no system.
  • D. 4 feet is the depth at which access/egress requirements (ladders, ramps) become mandatory, but protective systems are not yet required solely based on depth.

Trench Depth for Protective System

OSHA requires protective systems for all trenches 5 feet (1.52 m) or deeper, unless the excavation is made entirely in stable rock or is less than 5 feet deep and inspected by a competent person who finds no hazard.

  • Protective system generally required at 5 feet or deeper.
  • Exception for stable rock.
  • Competent person inspection is always key.
  • Less than 5 feet may not require a system if deemed safe.

Memory trick: Five Feet, Find a System

More Excavations questions