U.S. Citizenship Civics TestSystem of GovernmentMedium

An applicant is asked to explain the concept of 'federalism' in the U.S. system of government. Which statement accurately describes federalism?

  1. AIt is the system where the people directly vote on all laws and policies.
  2. BIt is the principle that the national government holds all governmental power.
  3. CIt is the division of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
  4. DIt is the division of power between the national government and state governments.
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D. It is the division of power between the national government and state governments.

Federalism is a core principle of the U.S. Constitution that divides governmental power between a national (federal) government and individual state governments, allowing both to exercise authority over the same geographic area.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. This describes direct democracy, not federalism, which is about levels of government.
  • B. This describes a unitary system, not federalism, which shares power.
  • C. This describes the separation of powers, not federalism.

Federalism

A system of government in which power is divided, by a constitution, between a central (federal) government and regional (state) governments.

  • Both federal and state governments have distinct powers.
  • Some powers are concurrent (shared).
  • Ensures local control and national unity.

Memory trick: Federalism: National and State share the power stage.

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