Read the following passage: "The domestication of plants and animals, often referred to as the Neolithic Revolution, marked a profound shift in human history. Prior to this period, human societies were primarily nomadic hunter-gatherers, relying on foraging for wild food sources. With domestication, humans began to cultivate crops and raise livestock, leading to the development of settled agricultural communities. This sedentary lifestyle brought about significant changes, including population growth due to a more reliable food supply, the construction of permanent shelters, and the emergence of specialized labor beyond food acquisition. While agriculture provided stability and surplus food, it also introduced new challenges such as increased susceptibility to disease in denser populations and the potential for crop failure due to environmental factors. Despite these drawbacks, the shift to agriculture laid the foundation for the development of complex civilizations." According to the passage, which of the following was a direct consequence of the shift to settled agricultural communities?

1. AAn increased reliance on nomadic hunting
2. BA decrease in overall human population
3. CThe emergence of specialized labor
4. DA reduced risk of disease transmission