EC-Council Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) v12Malware ThreatsEasy

A company's financial department experiences a widespread attack where critical accounting files are encrypted, and a demand for cryptocurrency is displayed on all affected screens. The IT team confirms no data was exfiltrated, only encrypted. Which malware type is most accurately described by this scenario?

  1. ASpyware
  2. BRansomware
  3. CAdware
  4. DWorm
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. Ransomware

The scenario clearly describes ransomware: encryption of critical files and a demand for payment (ransom) to restore access. The confirmation of no data exfiltration further supports this, distinguishing it from data-stealing malware.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Spyware is designed to secretly collect information, not encrypt files for ransom.
  • C. Adware displays unwanted advertisements, not encrypt files for ransom.
  • D. A worm is a self-replicating malware that spreads across networks, but its primary function isn't typically file encryption for ransom.

Ransomware

A type of malicious software that encrypts a victim's files or locks their system, then demands a ransom payment (often in cryptocurrency) in exchange for decryption or access restoration.

  • Encrypts files or locks system access.
  • Demands payment, usually cryptocurrency.
  • Can spread via phishing, compromised websites, or exploits.

Memory trick: Ransomware holds your data 'for ransom', demanding crypto cash.

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