Automobile & Light Truck Certification Test A5 BrakesHydraulic System Diagnosis and RepairMedium

A client complains that their vehicle's brake pedal feels 'hard' and requires excessive effort to stop, particularly after sitting for a while. The vacuum hose to the brake booster is correctly attached and shows no visible damage. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

  1. AA worn master cylinder
  2. BA leaking brake booster diaphragm
  3. CA restricted brake line
  4. DA faulty proportioning valve
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. A leaking brake booster diaphragm

A hard brake pedal requiring excessive effort is a primary symptom of a brake booster failure. A leaking diaphragm prevents the booster from holding vacuum, thus not providing power assist.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. A worn master cylinder usually results in a low or sinking pedal, not a hard pedal.
  • C. A restricted brake line would typically cause a pull or one wheel to drag, not a hard pedal on all wheels.
  • D. A faulty proportioning valve primarily affects rear brake pressure, not overall pedal effort.

Brake Booster Diaphragm Leak

A tear or hole in the rubber diaphragm within the brake booster, preventing it from holding vacuum and providing power assist to the brake pedal.

  • Causes hard pedal
  • Increases stopping effort
  • Often due to age or material degradation

Memory trick: Hard pedal, no vacuum assist, booster's diaphragm is probably missed!

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