Automobile & Light Truck Certification Test A5 BrakesHydraulic System Diagnosis and RepairEasy

A technician is diagnosing a vehicle with a spongy brake pedal that gradually firms up after several rapid pumps. There are no visible external leaks. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause?

  1. AAir trapped in the hydraulic system
  2. BA seized caliper piston
  3. CA faulty proportioning valve
  4. DA restricted brake line
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. Air trapped in the hydraulic system

A spongy brake pedal that improves with pumping is a classic symptom of air in the hydraulic system. Air is compressible, leading to a soft pedal, but pumping can temporarily build pressure.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. A seized caliper piston would typically cause drag or a pull, not a spongy pedal that firms up.
  • C. A faulty proportioning valve primarily affects rear brake pressure and would not typically cause a spongy pedal that firms up with pumping.
  • D. A restricted brake line would typically cause a hard pedal or a pull to one side, not a spongy pedal that improves with pumping.

Air in Brake System

Air trapped within the hydraulic brake fluid, which is compressible unlike fluid, leading to a soft or spongy brake pedal feel.

  • Causes a spongy or soft pedal.
  • Pedal feel may improve with rapid pumping.
  • Requires bleeding the brake system to remove.

Memory trick: Soft pedal, puff of air, pump to firm it fair.

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