GED Reasoning Through Language ArtsReading ComprehensionMedium
A student is reading a historical document from the late 19th century that uses the word 'hitherto.' The sentence reads: 'The nation had hitherto enjoyed a period of unprecedented peace, but dark clouds now gathered on the horizon.' What does 'hitherto' mean in this context?
- AIn the near future.
- BIn this specific location.
- CUp to this time; previously.
- DDespite these circumstances.
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: C. Up to this time; previously.
The phrase 'hitherto enjoyed a period of unprecedented peace, but dark clouds now gathered' suggests a contrast between the past and the present/future. 'Up to this time; previously' fits this contrast perfectly, indicating that the peace was true until the present moment.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. This refers to the future, which contradicts the context of past peace.
- B. This refers to location, which is not implied by the word or context.
- D. This implies a concession, which doesn't fit the temporal shift indicated by 'hitherto... but now.'
Archaic Vocabulary in Context
Understanding the meaning of words that are no longer in common use, by analyzing the surrounding text and historical period.
- Archaic words are often found in older texts (historical documents, classic literature).
- Contextual clues are essential for deciphering their meaning.
- Look for synonyms, antonyms, or explanations within the sentence or paragraph.
Memory trick: Old words, new context clues.