NFPA Paralegal Core Competency Exam (PCCE)Legal ResearchMedium
A paralegal is reviewing a federal appellate court opinion that makes a reference to 'cert. denied.' after citing a U.S. Supreme Court case. What does 'cert. denied.' signify in this context?
- AThe Supreme Court heard the case and affirmed the lower court's decision.
- BThe Supreme Court heard the case and reversed the lower court's decision.
- CThe Supreme Court issued a writ of certiorari, agreeing to hear the case.
- DThe Supreme Court declined to hear the appeal, meaning the lower court's decision stands.
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: D. The Supreme Court declined to hear the appeal, meaning the lower court's decision stands.
When the Supreme Court denies a petition for a writ of certiorari ('cert. denied.'), it means the Court has chosen not to hear the appeal. This decision does not indicate approval or disapproval of the lower court's ruling; it simply means the lower court's decision remains final and binding.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. This would be 'affirmed' or 'aff'd', not 'cert. denied'.
- B. This would be 'reversed' or 'rev'd', not 'cert. denied'.
- C. Issuing a writ of certiorari means the Court *agreed* to hear the case, which is the opposite of 'cert. denied'.
Certiorari Denied
A notation indicating that the U.S. Supreme Court has declined to hear an appeal, meaning the decision of the lower court remains final.
- Does not signify agreement or disagreement with the lower court's ruling.
- Approximately 99% of certiorari petitions are denied.
- The most common outcome for cases seeking Supreme Court review.
Memory trick: Cert. Denied? Court said 'No, thanks, we're not involved!'