Microsoft Azure AI Fundamentals (AI-900)Describe fundamental principles of machine learning on AzureEasy

A data scientist is preparing a dataset for a machine learning model that predicts customer purchasing intent. One of the features is 'Customer_Segment', which can be 'New', 'Existing', or 'Premium'. The data scientist needs to convert this categorical feature into a numerical format suitable for most machine learning algorithms. Which of the following techniques should be used to represent this feature without implying any ordinal relationship?

  1. AFeature Scaling
  2. BBinning
  3. CLabel Encoding
  4. DOne-Hot Encoding
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D. One-Hot Encoding

One-Hot Encoding is the appropriate technique for converting nominal categorical data into a numerical format without introducing an artificial ordinal relationship. Each category is represented by a new binary column.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Feature Scaling adjusts the range of numerical features and is not used for converting categorical data.
  • B. Binning groups numerical data into bins and is not suitable for nominal categorical features like 'Customer_Segment'.
  • C. Label Encoding assigns a unique integer to each category, which implies an ordinal relationship that does not exist in 'Customer_Segment'.

One-Hot Encoding

A technique used to convert categorical variables into a numerical format that machine learning algorithms can understand, by creating new binary features for each category.

  • Creates a new binary column for each unique category.
  • Prevents the model from assuming an ordinal relationship between categories.
  • Commonly used for nominal (unordered) categorical data.

Memory trick: Transforming names into numbers, carefully.

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